Description
In this workshop, you are to allocate memory at run-time and deallocate that memory as soon as it is no longer required. LEARNING OUTCOMES Upon successful completion of this workshop, you will have demonstrated the abilities to: • allocate and deallocate dynamic memory for an array of elements; • resize the amount of dynamically allocated memory; • overload a global function; • explain the difference between statically and dynamically allocated memory; • describe what you have learned in completing this workshop. SUBMISSION POLICY The in-lab section is to be completed during your assigned lab section. It is to be completed and submitted by the end of the workshop period. If you attend the lab period and cannot complete the in-lab portion of the workshop during that period, ask your instructor for permission to complete the in-lab portion after the period. If you do not attend the workshop, you can submit the in-lab section along with your at-home section (see penalties below). The at-home portion of the lab is due on the day that is two days before your next scheduled workshop (23:59:59). All your work (all the files you create or modify) must contain your name, Seneca email and student number. You are responsible to back up your work regularly. LATE SUBMISSION PENALTIES: – In-lab portion submitted late, with at-home portion: 0 for in-lab. Maximum of 7/10 for the entire workshop. – If any of in-lab, at-home or reflection portions is missing, the mark for the workshop will be 0/10. IN-LAB (30%) Design and code a structure named Kingdom in the namespace sict. The structure should have two data members: m_name: a statically allocated array of characters of size 32 (including ‘\0’) that holds the name of the kingdom; m_population: an integer that stores the number of people living in the kingdom. Add to the sict namespace, a function called display(…) that returns nothing, receives as a parameter an unmodifiable reference to an object of type Kingdom and prints the object to the screen in the following format: KINGDOM_NAME, population POPULATION Put the struct definition and the display(…) declaration in a header file named Kingdom.h. Put the definition of display(…) in an implementation file named Kingdom.cpp. Replace the ellipsis (…) with the proper parameter as appropriate. Complete the implementation of the w2_in_lab.cpp main module shown below (see the parts marked with TODO). You may use the read(…) function provided to accept input from the user. You do not need to write your own. Below the source code is the expected output from your program. The scarlet red color identifies what you yourself should type as input to your program. The green color identifies what is generated by your program. The output of your program should match exactly the sample output shown below. // Workshop 2: Dynamic Memory // File w2_in_lab.cpp // Version 2.0 #include #include “Kingdom.h” using namespace std; using namespace sict; void read(sict::Kingdom&); int main() { int count = 0; // the number of kingdoms in the array // TODO: declare the pKingdom pointer here (don’t forget to initialize it) cout << “==========\n” << “Input data\n” << “==========\n” << “Enter the number of Kingdoms: “; cin >> count; cin.ignore(); if (count < 1) return 1; // TODO: allocate dynamic memory here for the pKingdom pointer for (int i = 0; i < count; ++i) { cout << “Kingdom #” << i + 1 << “: ” << endl; // TODO: add code to accept user input for Kingdom i } cout << “==========” << endl << endl; // testing that “display(…)” works cout << “——————————” << endl << “The 1st kingdom entered is” << endl << “——————————” << endl; sict::display(pKingdom[0]); cout << “——————————” << endl << endl; // TODO: deallocate the dynamic memory here return 0; } // read accepts data for a Kingdom from standard input // void read(sict::Kingdom& kingdom) { cout << “Enter the name of the Kingdom: “; cin.get(kingdom.m_name, 32, ‘\n’); cin.ignore(2000, ‘\n’); cout << “Enter the number of people living in ” << kingdom.m_name << “: “; cin >> kingdom.m_population; cin.ignore(2000, ‘\n’); } OUTPUT SAMPLE: ========== Input data ========== Enter the number of Kingdoms: 2 Kingdom #1: Enter the name of the Kingdom: The_Vale Enter the number of people living in The_Vale: 234567 Kingdom #2: Enter the name of the Kingdom: The_Reach Enter the number of people living in The_Reach: 567890 ========== —————————— The 1st kingdom entered is —————————— The_Vale, population 234567 —————————— IN-LAB SUBMISSION To test and demonstrate execution of your program use the same data as the output example above. If not on matrix, upload Kingdom.h, Kingdom.cpp and w2_in_lab.cpp to your matrix account. Compile and run your code and make sure everything works properly. Then, run the following script from your account (use your professor’s Seneca userid to replace profname.proflastname): ~profname.proflastname/submit 244_w2_lab and follow the instructions. IMPORTANT: Please note that a successful submission does not guarantee full credit for this workshop. If the professor is not satisfied with your implementation, your professor may ask you to resubmit. Resubmissions will attract a penalty. AT-HOME (30%) Copy your class definition and implementation files (Kingdom.h, Kingdom.cpp) from your in-lab directory to your at-home directory. Upgrade the files in your at-home directory as follows. Overload sict::display(…) by adding a function of the same name that returns nothing and has two parameters: the first parameter receives the address of an unmodifiable array of Kingdoms, and the second one receives an integer holding the number of elements in the array. This function calculates the total number of people living in all of the Kingdoms and prints the array information to the screen in the following format: —————————— Kingdoms are —————————— 1. KINGDOM_NAME, population POPULATION 2. KINGDOM_NAME, population POPULATION 3. KINGDOM_NAME, population POPULATION —————————— Total population of all Kingdoms: TOTAL_POPULATION —————————— NOTE: this overload must be part of the sict namespace, have a declaration in Kingdom.h and an implementation in Kingdom.cpp. NOTE: this overload must call the sict::display(…) function you created for the in-lab part in order to display the name and the population of the kingdom. Complete the w2_at_home.cpp implementation file of the main module (see the parts in the source code listed below and marked with TODO; reuse the parts that you have completed for the in-lab part). Your tasks include expanding the amount of dynamic memory allocated for the array of Kingdoms by one element after reading the original input, and then reading the data for the new element as shown below. The test input and the expected output from your program are listed below this source code (the input to your program is shown in red). The output of your program should match exactly the sample output shown below. // Workshop 2: Dynamic Memory // File w2_at_home.cpp // Version 2.0 #include #include “Kingdom.h” using namespace std; using namespace sict; void read(Kingdom&); int main() { int count = 0; // the number of kingdoms in the array // TODO: declare the pKingdom pointer here (don’t forget to initialize it) cout << “==========\n” << “Input data\n” << “==========\n” << “Enter the number of Kingdoms: “; cin >> count; cin.ignore(); if (count < 1) return 1; // TODO: allocate dynamic memory here for the pKingdom pointer for (int i = 0; i < count; ++i) { cout << “Kingdom #” << i + 1 << “: ” << endl; // TODO: add code to accept user input for Kingdom i } cout << “==========” << endl << endl; // testing that “display(…)” works cout << “——————————” << endl << “The 1st kingdom entered is” << endl << “——————————” << endl; display(pKingdom[0]); cout << “——————————” << endl << endl; // expand the array of Kingdoms by 1 element // TODO: allocate dynamic memory for count + 1 Kingdoms // TODO: copy elements from original array into this newly allocated array // TODO: deallocate the dynamic memory for the original array // TODO: copy the address of the newly allocated array into pKingdom pointer // add the new Kingdom cout << “==========\n” << “Input data\n” << “==========\n” << “Kingdom #” << count + 1 << “: ” << endl; // TODO: accept input for the new element in the array count++; cout << “==========\n” << endl; // testing that the overload of “display(…)” works display(pKingdom, count); cout << endl; // TODO: deallocate the dynamic memory here return 0; } // read accepts data for a Kingdom from standard input // void read(Kingdom& kingdom) { cout << “Enter the name of the Kingdom: “; cin.get(kingdom.m_name, 32, ‘\n’); cin.ignore(2000, ‘\n’); cout << “Enter the number of people living in ” << kingdom.m_name << “: “; cin >> kingdom.m_population; cin.ignore(2000, ‘\n’); } OUTPUT SAMPLE: ========== Input data ========== Enter the number of Kingdoms: 2 Kingdom #1: Enter the name of the Kingdom: The_Vale Enter the number of people living in The_Vale: 234567 Kingdom #2: Enter the name of the Kingdom: The_Reach Enter the number of people living in The_Reach: 567890 ========== —————————— The 1st Kingdom entered is —————————— The_Vale, population 234567 —————————— ========== Input data ========== Kingdom #3: Enter the name of the Kingdom: The_Riverlands Enter the number of people living in The_Riverlands: 123456 ========== —————————— Kingdoms of SICT —————————— 1. The_Vale, population 234567 2. The_Reach, population 567890 3. The_Riverlands, population 123456 —————————— Total population of SICT: 925913 —————————— REFLECTION (40%) Create a file named reflect.txt that contains answers to the following questions: 1) Why do you need to allocate new dynamic memory when you increase the size of an existing array of dynamically allocated memory? 2) The Kingdom structure stores the name of the kingdom in an array of characters. At the end of the program, we do not use the delete operator to deallocate the memory occupied by the name. Why don’t we need to use the delete operator on this array itself? Explain. 3) There are two display(…) function definitions. How does the compiler know which definition to call from your main function? 4) Explain what have you have learned in this workshop. QUIZ REFLECTION Add a section to reflect.txt called “Quiz X Reflection:” (replace the ‘X’ with the number of the last quiz). Identify all of the questions from the quiz that you did not answer correctly. Under each question, provide the correct answer. If you missed the last quiz, enter all of the questions and the correct answer for each question. AT-HOME SUBMISSION To test and demonstrate execution of your program use the same data as the output example above. If not on matrix already, upload reflect.txt, Kingdom.h, Kingdom.cpp and w2_at_home.cpp to your matrix account. Compile and run your code and make sure everything works properly. Then, run the following script from your account (use your professor’s Seneca userid to replace profname.proflastname): ~profname.proflastname/submit 244_w2_home and follow the instructions. IMPORTANT: Please note that a successful submission does not guarantee full credit for this workshop. If the professor is not satisfied with your implementation, your professor may ask you to resubmit. Resubmissions will attract a penalty.